____ occurs when the engine of an automobile is produced in Germany and the rest of the automobile is produced in the United States.

The scenario described illustrates the concept of management contracting, where a company in one country provides expertise and management services for a project in another country. In this case, although the engine is produced in Germany and the rest of the automobile is assembled in the United States, the involvement of a company's management team or technical know-how from Germany suggests a level of oversight or specialization that characterizes management contracting.

Management contracting typically involves a situation where a company manages operations or components of a product while maintaining ownership of its core assets or manufacturing components, as seen here with the division of tasks across borders. This type of arrangement allows companies to benefit from the strengths and efficiencies of different geographical locations.

The other concepts, such as foreign direct investment, licensing, and franchising, do not accurately represent this particular scenario. For instance, foreign direct investment relates more to a company owning or controlling production in another country rather than simply having a portion of production outsourced. Similarly, licensing and franchising involve permissions to use specific business models or trademarks, which is not applicable in this instance.